Document Type : Research articles
Authors
1
Anesthesia-Intensive care, Burundi
2
Professor Critical Care and Emergency Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University.
3
Assistant Professor Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University
4
, Lecturer Critical Care and Emergency Nursing,Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University.
Abstract
Background: Electrolyte disorders are linked to cardiovascular emergencies, such
as cardiac dysrhythmias and arrest, complicating resuscitation efforts.
Without timely monitoring and management, these issues can lead to severe
complications, including death. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients frequently
experience electrolyte disturbances due to various risk factors, necessitating close
monitoring by nurses to detect and prevent life-threatening disorders, thereby
improving patient outcomes. Objective: This study aimed to assess the risk factors of
electrolyte disturbances among TBI patients. Settings: Data were collected from five
adult ICUs at Alexandria Main University Hospital, ensuring a diverse patient
population. Subjects: A convenience sample of 140 patients aged 18-65 years with
confirmed TBI was selected using power analysis and sample size software (PASS
2020). Tool: The "Electrolyte Disturbances Risk Factors Assessment Tool," adopted
from Chala Kenenisa Edae et al. (2020), was utilized for systematic data collection,
demonstrating validity and reliability (Cronbach’s α = 0.76). This tool encompassed
relevant clinical data, including demographic and laboratory values. Results:
Significant risk factors for sodium disturbances included: SIADH: P=0.019,
Hypervolemia: P=0.038 and Hyperglycemia: P=0. 047.For potassium disturbances,
significant associations were found with: SIADH: P=0.029. Hypovolemia a:
P=0.033, Acute Renal Failure (ARF): P=0.036 and Hypervolemia: P=0.
038.Conclusion: Key risk factors for electrolyte disturbances in TBI patients are
SIADH, hyperglycemia, hypovolemia, hypervolemia, and ARF. This underscores the
necessity for proactive nursing interventions. Recommendations: critical care nurses
should enhance monitoring practices and consider assessing additional electrolytes,
such as calcium and magnesium, to improve patient outcomes and reduce
complications.
Keywords
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